___ 1. Most of Conrad’s friends consider

____ 1. Most of Conrad’s friends consider him to be highly neurotic. It is likely that, compared to his friends, Conrad

is

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a. less likely to perceive events as stressful

b. more likely to “choke” under pressure

c. less likely to use defensive coping strategies

d. more likely to perceive events as stressful

____ 2. Events that are stressful for one person may not be stressful for another; this may be the result of the fact that

a. anxious people are less likely to perceive events as stressful

b. neurotic people are more likely to “choke” under pressure

c. stressed people are less likely to use defensive coping strategies

d. how individuals appraise a situation determines whether they are likely to perceive events

as stressful

____ 3. The stress that a person actually experiences in different situations is critically influenced by the

a. number of life change units the event involves

b. person’s physical health when the stressor is present

c. overall magnitude of the stressful event

d. appraisals that the person makes

____ 4. Threatening events that have a relatively short duration and a clear endpoint are known as ____ stressors;

while ____ stressors are threatening events that have a long duration and no apparent time limit.

a. minor; chronic

b. acute; chronic

c. chronic; minor

d. acute; minor

____ 5. ____ is to short duration and limited time as ____ is to long duration and no time limit.

a. Minor; chronic

b. Acute; chronic

c. Chronic; minor

d. Acute; minor

____ 6. In general, the least stressful conflict is the

a. avoidance-avoidance conflict

b. approach-avoidance conflict

c. approach-approach conflict

d. double approach-avoidance conflict

____ 7. Two blockbuster movies are opening on the same weekend, and Andrea is having trouble deciding which

movie to see first. Andrea is experiencing

a. a risk-aversion conflict

b. an approach-approach conflict

c. an avoidance-avoidance conflict

d. an avoidance-approach conflict

____ 8. When a choice must be made between two unattractive goals we are said to be experiencing

a. a risk-aversion conflict

b. an approach-approach conflict

c. an avoidance-avoidance conflict

d. an avoidance-approach conflict

____ 9. The pursuit of a goal that has both attractive and unattractive features defines

a. an approach-avoidance conflict

b. a double-blind conflict

c. an approach-approach conflict

d. an avoidance-avoidance conflict

____ 10. Leonard has a job with a small company where he gets along well with everyone, and he has 15 years of

seniority. Recently a competitor called to offer him a job that would pay more money, but where he would be

starting over, with no seniority. As Leonard tries to decide whether to accept the new job because it offers

more money, or turn the job offer down because it would mean giving up his seniority, he is facing

a. an approach-approach conflict

b. an approach-avoidance conflict

c. an avoidance-avoidance conflict

d. a frustration-pressure conflict

____ 11. The most likely initial consequence of an approach-avoidance conflict is

a. approach

b. vacillation

c. avoidance

d. withdrawal

____ 12. Demands or expectations to behave in a certain way define the notion of

a. stress

b. conflict

c. frustration

d. pressure

____ 13. The Flashback football team had been down by 35 points at half-time, but they had made a big comeback in

the second half. With less than 15 seconds remaining on the clock, they made a touchdown that narrowed the

other team’s lead to a single point. Their quarterback has decided to try for a two-point conversion in an

attempt to win the game by a single point in the dying seconds. As the team lines up for the final play of the

game, both the quarterback and the intended receiver are likely to be experiencing

a. frustration

b. conflict

c. burnout

d. pressure

____ 14. What appears to mediate between a potentially stressful event and the emotional, physiological, and

behavioral response to that event?

a. the magnitude of the event

b. the appraisal of the event

c. the frequency of occurrence of the event

d. the number of other people who are present

____ 15. Research has shown that the emotional responses to stress

a. may involve either positive or negative emotions

b. always involve negative emotions

c. typically alternate between positive and negative emotions

d. are more intense in women than in men

____ 16. As a task becomes more complex, the optimal level of arousal to perform the task best

a. increases

b. stays the same

c. first decreases and then increases

d. decreases

____ 17. The optimal level of arousal for task performance a. is about the same from one task to another

b. increases as the tasks become more complex

c. decreases as the tasks become more complex

d. relates more to personal makeup than to the task

____ 18. Mildred has to drive across town to help a friend who is experiencing a crisis. It is a time of day when traffic

is light, and therefore this should be a fairly simple task. Research into the link between arousal level and task

performance suggests that under these circumstances

a. a fairly low level of arousal should be optimal for this task

b. Mildred’s level of arousal will increase as she gets closer to her friend’s house

c. a fairly high level of arousal should be optimal for this task

d. a moderate level of arousal should be optimal for this task

____ 19. The name Hans Selye gave to the body’s response to stress is

a. the fight-or-flight response

b. the general adaptation syndrome

c. catharsis

d. defensive coping

____ 20. Selye believed that the body’s reactions to stressful situations

a. are nonspecific–that is, the same to different stressors

b. vary as a function of the individual

c. are specific to the type of stressor involved

d. cannot be generalized across individual